Primary angle-closure glaucoma

H7_GLAUCCLOSEPRIM

primary angle closure glaucoma: The sudden increase of intraocular pressure, resulting in pain and an abrupt decrease in visual acuity.

Suggest a new description

Endpoint definition

Endpoint definition steps

FinnGen

Phenotype data

473681

1. Apply sex-specific rule

None

473681

2. Check conditions

None

473681

3. Check pre-conditions, main-only, mode, registry filters

Registry filters:

  • Hospital discharge: ICD-10 H40.2
  • Hospital discharge: ICD-9 3652
  • Hospital discharge: ICD-8 37500|37511
  • Cause of death: ICD-10 H40.2
  • Cause of death: ICD-9 3652
  • Cause of death: ICD-8 37500|37511

2 out of 7 registries used, show all original rules.

1480

4. Check minimum number of events

None

1480

5. Include endpoints

None

1480

6. Filter based on genotype QC (FinnGen only)

1416

Control definitions (FinnGen only)

Control exclude
H7_GLAUCOMA

Extra metadata

Level in the ICD hierarchy
3
First used in FinnGen datafreeze
DF2
Parent code in ICD-10
H40
Name in latin
Glaucoma congestivum primarium

Case counts by codes

FinnGen case counts by registry codes:

generic upset plot

Upset plot

Full data table

Summary Statistics

-FinRegistry-

Key figures

All Female Male
Number of individuals
Whole population 17902 11851 5834
Only index persons 13200 8791 4409
Unadjusted period prevalence (%)
Whole population 0.28 0.34 0.16
Only index persons 0.27 0.32 0.17
Median age at first event (years)
Whole population 68.78 69.73 66.90
Only index persons 67.76 68.71 65.87

-FinnGen-

Key figures

All Female Male
Number of individuals 1416 822 594
Unadjusted period prevalence (%) 0.31 0.32 0.30
Median age at first event (years) 66.02 65.69 66.48

-FinRegistry-

Age distribution of first events

-FinnGen-

Age distribution of first events

-FinRegistry-

Year distribution of first events

-FinnGen-

Year distribution of first events

-FinRegistry-

Cumulative Incidence Function

-FinnGen-

Cumulative Incidence Function

CodeWAS (R11)

CodeWAS is a tool for exploring the associations between an endpoint and all of the medical codes and drug codes.

This is a new tool, please reach out using the contact form for feedback and improvement ideas.

First, a cohort is built by matching controls to the endpoint cases using year of birth and sex. Then, a Fisher test is done for all the medical codes and drug codes between the cases and controls of this cohort. Codes are reported in the table below if they have −log10(p-value) ≥ 6.

Matched cohort

Matched cases
1480
Matched controls
14799
Code
Vocabulary
Description
Odds Ratio
-log10(p)
N matched cases
N matched controls
S01ED51
ATC
timolol, combinations; ophthalmic
89.0
323.0
822
205
H40.22
ICD-10 Finland
Chronic glaucoma with closed ventricular angle
+∞
323.0
849
*
CHC05
NOMESCO Finland
Iridotomy
669.7
323.0
684
19
114
Kela drug reimbursment
Glaucoma
95.3
323.0
898
235
H40.0
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma suspect
235.4
323.0
468
29
S01EE01
ATC
latanoprost; ophthalmic
56.9
323.0
559
156
H40.13
ICD-10 Finland
Chronic glaucoma with open ventricular angle
447.6
323.0
314
9
H40.20
ICD-10 Finland
Acute glaucoma with closed ventricular angle
+∞
323.0
541
*
S01ED01
ATC
timolol; ophthalmic
48.2
309.1
377
104
S01EC04
ATC
brinzolamide; ophthalmic
74.0
307.4
347
61
XCK00
NOMESCO Finland
Perimetry
23.1
283.2
424
253
S01EA05
ATC
brimonidine; ophthalmic (sympathomimetics in glaucoma therapy)
167.8
266.0
274
20
S01EB01
ATC
pilocarpine; ophthalmic
219.6
221.1
224
12
S01EC01
ATC
acetazolamide; systemic
56.0
209.2
248
53
S01EE05
ATC
tafluprost; ophthalmic
43.0
186.6
233
64
S01EX03
ATC
NA
55.7
184.5
219
46
H40.9
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma, unspecified
297.9
183.3
183
7
H40.10
ICD-10 Finland
Capsular glaucoma with pseudoexfoliation on the anterior lens capsule
279.5
172.5
173
7
Z96.1
ICD-10 Finland
Presence of intraocular lens
6.0
164.7
549
1325
CHD05
NOMESCO Finland
Selective lasertrabeculoplasty
1671.9
155.0
148
*
S01EE03
ATC
bimatoprost; ophthalmic
67.3
154.7
178
30
CJE20
NOMESCO Finland
Phakoemulsification with implantation of artificial lens in posterior chamber
4.0
134.9
927
4397
S01EC03
ATC
dorzolamide; ophthalmic
76.2
133.6
151
22
H40.21
ICD-10 Finland
Intermittent glaucoma with closed ventricular angle
+∞
124.8
118
*
XCW99
NOMESCO Finland
Other investigative procedure of eye
5.7
113.6
374
835
S01EE04
ATC
travoprost; ophthalmic
42.1
110.3
138
36
H40.5
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma secondary to other eye disorders
1116.3
107.8
104
*
CS444
NOMESCO Finland
Visual field testing with Octopus automated perimetry
25.6
103.0
146
63
Z01.0
ICD-10 Finland
Examination of eyes and vision
4.5
100.4
425
1226
H40.29
ICD-10 Finland
Other [primary] glaucoma with closed ventricular angle
+∞
95.9
91
*
XCH00
NOMESCO Finland
Eye pressure measurement
11.4
95.2
186
184
CK2X4
NOMESCO Finland
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of ocular fundus
5.8
90.8
286
591
S01CA01
ATC
dexamethasone and antiinfectives; ophthalmic (ophth., corticosteroids and antiinfectives in comb.)
3.1
90.8
814
4201
H25.1
ICD-10 Finland
Senile nuclear cataract
3.0
85.6
732
3605
S01EA03
ATC
apraclonidine; ophthalmic
47.5
83.6
102
23
S01EC54
ATC
brinzolamide, combinations; ophthalmic
153.9
83.0
87
6
CHD15
NOMESCO Finland
Trabeculectomy and iridectomy
+∞
81.0
77
*
CS5Z4
NOMESCO Finland
Specialised imaging for glaucoma
31.5
77.2
103
35
S01ED02
ATC
betaxolol; ophthalmic
76.7
77.1
87
12
CHD00
NOMESCO Finland
Laser trabeculoplasty
765.6
74.9
73
*
3652B
ICD-9 Finland
Glaucoma, Primary angle-closure glaucoma[KROONINEN AHDASKULMAGLAUKOOMA]
+∞
73.5
70
*
CS494
NOMESCO Finland
Other visual field testing
24.5
73.4
105
46
XCK10
NOMESCO Finland
Photography of fundus of eye
4.4
69.6
286
771
H40
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma
52.0
66.0
79
16
CS1H4
NOMESCO Finland
Retinal nerve fibre layer imaging
116.9
62.4
67
6
S01XA20
ATC
artificial tears and other indifferent preparations; ophthalmic
2.5
61.1
807
4800
H20.0
ICD-10 Finland
Acute and subacute iridocyclitis
7.5
55.9
138
200
3652A
ICD-9 Finland
Glaucoma, Primary angle-closure glaucoma[AKUUTTI AHDASKULMAGLAUKOOMA]
+∞
53.5
51
*
H40.11
ICD-10 Finland
Low pressure glaucoma
145.4
53.2
56
*
CJB10
NOMESCO Finland
Laser discission of secondary cataract
3.5
50.7
269
887
XCH05
NOMESCO Finland
Eye pressure longterm registration
258.5
49.4
50
*
WX140
NOMESCO Finland
Parabulbar anesthesy
6.0
48.4
141
256
CHF05
NOMESCO Finland
Transscleral laser coagulation of ciliary body
+∞
47.1
45
*
CS3P4
NOMESCO Finland
Optic nerve head stereophotography
242.5
46.2
47
*
CS434
NOMESCO Finland
Visual field testing with Humphrey automated perimetry
18.0
45.8
72
42
CHD65
NOMESCO Finland
Nonpenetrating glaucoma surgery
+∞
42.9
41
*
H26.4
ICD-10 Finland
After-cataract
3.0
42.4
279
1060
37511
ICD-8 Finland
Glaucoma, Chronicum irritativum sive congestivum
+∞
41.9
40
*
WX100
NOMESCO Finland
Conjunctival surface anesthesia
2.8
40.4
298
1218
S01BA07
ATC
fluorometholone; ophthalmic (corticosteroids, plain)
10.9
39.1
76
73
H40.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other glaucoma
205.4
39.0
40
*
CK2S4
NOMESCO Finland
Plain photography of ocular fundus
4.3
37.9
151
384
3651A
ICD-9 Finland
Glaucoma, Open-angle glaucoma[GLAUCOMA SIMPLEX (AVOKULMA)]
+∞
35.6
34
*
37500
ICD-8 Finland
Glaucoma, Primary, acute
+∞
35.6
34
*
CHD99
NOMESCO Finland
Other filtering operation
+∞
34.5
33
*
S01EA02
ATC
dipivefrine; ophthalmic
+∞
34.5
33
*
H20.1
ICD-10 Finland
Chronic iridocyclitis
15.8
33.6
55
36
CHD50
NOMESCO Finland
Shunt operation on anterior chamber
+∞
30.3
29
*
H40.12
ICD-10 Finland
Pigmentary glaucoma
+∞
28.2
27
*
H40.2
ICD-10 Finland
Primary angle-closure glaucoma
+∞
28.2
27
*
ZXA05
NOMESCO Finland
Left side
2.0
26.4
467
2829
37510
ICD-8 Finland
Glaucoma, Chronicum simplex
+∞
26.1
25
*
ZXA10
NOMESCO Finland
Bilateral
2.1
25.8
346
1874
3708
FHL
Trabeculectomy or equivalent
+∞
25.1
24
*
CKD65
NOMESCO Finland
Pars plana or pars plicata vitrectomy
5.8
23.9
69
124
F93
ICPC
Glaucoma
54.9
23.1
27
5
TCW99
NOMESCO Finland
Other minor procedure in eye surgery
7.2
22.2
54
77
ZXA00
NOMESCO Finland
Right side
1.8
21.5
471
3032
CHC00
NOMESCO Finland
Iridotomy
+∞
20.9
20
*
CHC03
NOMESCO Finland
Laser iridoplasty
+∞
20.9
20
*
E10.7
ICD-10 Finland
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, With multiple complications
6.1
20.9
57
96
SPAT1009
SPAT
Measurement of intraocular pressure
7.4
20.6
49
68
S01BA01
ATC
dexamethasone; ophthalmic (corticosteroids, plain)
3.8
20.0
88
245
H04.10
ICD-10 Finland
Dry eye syndrome
2.5
19.0
165
720
Z3229
NOMESCO Finland
Other healthcare associate professional
2.4
18.9
168
745
H40.4
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma secondary to eye inflammation
+∞
18.8
18
*
CKC15
NOMESCO Finland
Panretinal photocoagulation
12.5
18.6
33
27
H16.0
ICD-10 Finland
Corneal ulcer
3.8
18.6
79
214
H3603, E103
ICD-10 Finland
NA
12.6
18.1
32
26
E10.9
ICD-10 Finland
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Without complications
4.2
17.9
69
171
CS2P4
NOMESCO Finland
Optic nerve head imaging
67.4
17.7
20
*
H40.3
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma secondary to eye trauma
+∞
17.7
17
*
S01BC03
ATC
diclofenac; ophthalmic
4.4
17.6
64
150
CHD35
NOMESCO Finland
Laser goniopuncture
182.1
17.5
18
*
S01FA01
ATC
atropine; ophthalmic
18.9
17.3
26
14
A10AA01
ATC
NA
5.1
17.3
54
108
H43.1
ICD-10 Finland
Vitreous haemorrhage
5.0
16.7
54
112
E10.3
ICD-10 Finland
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, With ophthalmic complications
6.2
16.4
44
73
3650A
ICD-9 Finland
Glaucoma, Borderline glaucoma [glaucoma suspect][SUSPICIO GLAUCOMATIS (AVOKULMA)]
+∞
15.6
15
*
CFW99
NOMESCO Finland
Other operation on conjunctiva
161.6
15.5
16
*
H25.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other senile cataract
1.9
15.5
238
1334
CKC10
NOMESCO Finland
Local photocoagulation of retina
4.7
14.9
50
109
H26.2
ICD-10 Finland
Complicated cataract
6.5
14.8
38
60
H57.1
ICD-10 Finland
Ocular pain
4.0
14.7
58
148
CKC12
NOMESCO Finland
Photocoagulation of retina
3.4
14.6
70
210
H40.19
ICD-10 Finland
Other primary glaucoma with open ventricular angle
+∞
14.6
14
*
CHD10
NOMESCO Finland
Trabeculectomy
+∞
14.6
14
*
CS424
NOMESCO Finland
Visual field testing with Goldmann perimetry
11.5
14.3
26
23
H26.02
ICD-10 Finland
Presenil cataract
4.3
13.8
51
123
H34.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other retinal vascular occlusions
3.9
13.7
56
148
CHF15
NOMESCO Finland
Cryotherapy of ciliary body
141.2
13.5
14
*
A10AB01
ATC
insulin (human); parenteral (insulins and analog. for injection, fast-acting)
3.4
12.9
62
187
H36.03
ICD-10 Finland
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
11.7
12.8
23
20
S01EX
ATC
Other antiglaucoma preparations
+∞
12.5
12
*
37597
ICD-8 Finland
Glaucoma, Suspicio glaucomatis
+∞
12.5
12
*
S01BA04
ATC
prednisolone; ophthalmic (corticosteroids, plain)
3.5
12.3
56
163
H52.0
ICD-10 Finland
Hypermetropia
5.5
12.1
35
65
N08.39*E10.2
ICD-10 Finland
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus - Diabetic nephropathy
10.1
12.0
23
23
E10.00
ICD-10 Finland
Insulin-dependent diabetes diabetic hypoglycemic coma
7.8
11.6
26
34
S01BC05
ATC
ketorolac; ophthalmic
2.4
11.5
96
413
H44.5
ICD-10 Finland
Degenerated conditions of globe
120.9
11.4
12
*
A10AA02
ATC
NA
3.0
11.2
65
225
CKD05
NOMESCO Finland
Puncture of vitreous body with injection of medication
2.4
11.1
93
397
T89
ICPC
Diabetes insulin dependent
3.5
10.8
50
148
H25.0
ICD-10 Finland
Senile incipient cataract
2.1
10.7
127
639
ZXC20
NOMESCO Finland
Use of chemical agents
3.7
10.7
46
128
CKD20
NOMESCO Finland
Removal of vitreous body substitute
13.0
10.7
18
14
3626
FHL
Extracapsular cataract surgery and implantation of an artificial lens
3.3
10.6
53
167
CHB10
NOMESCO Finland
Puncture of anterior chamber of eye with irrigation
10.1
10.5
20
20
TCG00
NOMESCO Finland
Protection of cornea and sclera with soft lens
110.8
10.4
11
*
37520
ICD-8 Finland
Glaucoma, Secondary
+∞
10.4
10
*
2500B
ICD-9 Finland
Diabetes mellitus without mention of complication[DIABETES MELLITUS SINE COMPLICATIONE ,TYYPPI I]
5.1
10.2
31
62
H40.1
ICD-10 Finland
Primary open-angle glaucoma
40.3
10.0
12
*
A10AB05
ATC
insulin aspart; parenteral (insulins and analog. for injection, fast-acting)
2.1
9.9
111
548
H35.39
ICD-10 Finland
Degeneration of macula and posterior pole
2.8
9.8
63
235
H33.0
ICD-10 Finland
Retinal detachment with retinal break
3.3
9.7
48
151
ZYC01
NOMESCO Finland
Remote contact by phone
2.8
9.6
60
219
E10.2
ICD-10 Finland
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, With renal complications
9.1
9.5
19
21
H31.4
ICD-10 Finland
Choroidal detachment
100.7
9.4
10
*
3704
FHL
Iridectomy
+∞
9.4
9
*
Q15.0
ICD-10 Finland
Congenital glaucoma
+∞
9.4
9
*
CH2X4
NOMESCO Finland
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of iris and iridocorneal angle
+∞
9.4
9
*
CHB99
NOMESCO Finland
Other operation on anterior chamber and anterior chamber angle
+∞
9.4
9
*
H20.9
ICD-10 Finland
Iridocyclitis, unspecified
8.1
9.3
20
25
25000
ICD-8 Finland
Diabetes mellitus, Sine complicatione
2.9
9.3
54
189
CKD40
NOMESCO Finland
Endophotocoagulation of retina
5.1
9.3
28
56
H36.09*E10.3
ICD-10 Finland
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus - Diabetic retinopathy
13.8
9.2
15
11
S01FA04
ATC
cyclopentolate; ophthalmic
5.1
9.0
27
54
H3600, E103
ICD-10 Finland
NA
8.7
8.8
18
21
A10AB04
ATC
insulin lispro; parenteral (insulins and analog. for injection, fast-acting)
3.2
8.7
43
136
S01CA02
ATC
prednisolone and antiinfectives; ophthalmic (ophth., corticosteroids and antiinfectives in comb.)
4.4
8.6
30
70
CA1ME
NOMESCO Finland
Ultrasound oculometry
5.8
8.6
23
40
WX002
NOMESCO Finland
Sedation and analgesia
1.5
8.5
280
1942
A10AC01
ATC
insulin (human); parenteral (insulins and analog. for injection, intermediate-acting)
1.9
8.4
122
666
CKD70
NOMESCO Finland
Excision of preretinal or epiretinal membrane
3.8
8.3
33
88
Z3231
NOMESCO Finland
Registered nurse
1.5
8.2
367
2722
H3601, E103
ICD-10 Finland
NA
6.9
8.1
19
28
ZXE00
NOMESCO Finland
One hour or less
1.4
8.0
512
4056
F43
ICPC
Eye, Other diagnostic procedure
3.8
7.8
31
83
E10
ICD-10 Finland
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
4.5
7.8
26
59
XCD10
NOMESCO Finland
Electrophysiological examination of eye
2.9
7.6
44
155
3711
FHL
Cyclodiateria or cryocoagulation
80.5
7.4
8
*
CFB00
NOMESCO Finland
Suture of conjunctiva
80.5
7.4
8
*
TCG20
NOMESCO Finland
Laser suture lysis in cornea or sclera
80.5
7.4
8
*
E10.4
ICD-10 Finland
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, With neurological complications
7.7
7.4
16
21
3650B
ICD-9 Finland
Glaucoma, Borderline glaucoma [glaucoma suspect][SUSPICIO GLAUCOMATIS (AHDASKULMA)]
+∞
7.3
7
*
3705
FHL
Iridectomy or iridotomy using a laser under general anesthesia
+∞
7.3
7
*
TCA20
NOMESCO Finland
Peribulbar therapeutic injection into orbit
30.2
7.1
9
*
S01AD03
ATC
aciclovir; ophthalmic
2.4
7.1
56
236
O24.0
ICD-10 Finland
Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy: Pre-existing diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent
12.1
7.1
12
10
H36.00
ICD-10 Finland
Diabetic background retinopathy
3.9
7.1
27
70
R5110
NOMESCO Finland
Evaluation of the need for aids, the testing, fitting and choice of the aid, instruction in use and delivery of it
1.7
7.0
155
971
3661A
ICD-9 Finland
Cataract, Senile cataract
2.8
7.0
41
147
H04AA01
ATC
glucagon; nasal, parenteral
4.1
6.9
25
62
CKD15
NOMESCO Finland
Injection of vitreous substitute
8.3
6.8
14
17
H18.1
ICD-10 Finland
Bullous keratopathy
40.2
6.8
8
*
H27.1
ICD-10 Finland
Dislocation of lens
7.2
6.7
15
21
E10.5
ICD-10 Finland
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, With peripheral circulatory complications
7.8
6.6
14
18
Z50.8
ICD-10 Finland
Care involving use of other rehabilitation procedures
1.8
6.6
103
581
A10AE05
ATC
insulin detemir; parenteral
2.0
6.6
75
376
R42
ICD-10 Finland
Dizziness and giddiness
1.4
6.5
329
2480
H54.0
ICD-10 Finland
Blindness, binocular
14.4
6.4
10
7
TCG40
NOMESCO Finland
Measurement of higher-grade errors of refraction
6.0
6.3
16
27
A10AE06
ATC
insulin degludec; parenteral
2.9
6.3
36
125
XCW10
NOMESCO Finland
Assessment of vision
9.3
6.3
12
13
H27.0
ICD-10 Finland
Aphakia
9.3
6.3
12
13
CWD00
NOMESCO Finland
Reoperation for superficial heamorrhage in eye and adjacent structures
+∞
6.3
6
*
CK2P4
NOMESCO Finland
Optic nerve head light layer imaging (OCT)
+∞
6.3
6
*
S01EB02
ATC
carbachol; ophthalmic
+∞
6.3
6
*
3651B
ICD-9 Finland
Glaucoma, Open-angle glaucoma[GLAUCOMA CAPSULARE (AVOKULMA)]
+∞
6.3
6
*
S01BA09
ATC
clobetasone; ophthalmic
26.8
6.2
8
*
WX142
NOMESCO Finland
Sub-tenon anesthesy
7.7
6.1
13
17
CKD10
NOMESCO Finland
Insufflation of vitreous cavity
3.1
6.1
31
102
S18
ICPC
Laceration/cut
1.3
6.1
557
4631
Z94.7
ICD-10 Finland
Corneal transplant status
10.1
6.0
11
11

Mortality – FinRegistry

Association

Association between endpoint H7_GLAUCCLOSEPRIM and mortality.

Females

Parameter HR [95% CI] p-value
H7_GLAUCCLOSEPRIM 1.071 [0.99, 1.16] 0.085
Birth year 0.992 [0.98, 1.0] 0.045

During the follow-up period (1.1.1998 — 31.12.2019), 2692 out of 7308 females with H7_GLAUCCLOSEPRIM died.

Males

Parameter HR [95% CI] p-value
H7_GLAUCCLOSEPRIM 1.093 [0.98, 1.22] 0.115
Birth year 0.986 [0.98, 1.0] 0.004

During the follow-up period (1.1.1998 — 31.12.2019), 1312 out of 3811 males with H7_GLAUCCLOSEPRIM died.

Mortality risk

Mortality risk for people of age

years, who have H7_GLAUCCLOSEPRIM.

N-year risk Females Males
1 0.064% 0.193%
5 0.526% 1.222%
10 1.319% 3.23%
15 2.475% 5.968%
20 4.646% 9.811%

Relationships between endpoints

Index endpoint: H7_GLAUCCLOSEPRIM – Primary angle-closure glaucoma

GWS hits: -

Endpoint
Case Overlap
Survival Analysis
Genetic Correlations
Genetic Signals
N (Jaccard index)
HR [CI]
Extremity
rg [CI]
Extremity
Hits
Coloc Hits
FinRegistry
FinnGen
FinRegistry
FinnGen
FinnGen
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