Palindromic rheumatism

M13_PALINDROMIC

Endpoint definition

Endpoint definition steps

FinnGen

Phenotype data

473681

1. Apply sex-specific rule

None

473681

2. Check conditions

None

473681

3. Check pre-conditions, main-only, mode, registry filters

Registry filters:

  • Hospital discharge: ICD-10 M12.3
  • Hospital discharge: ICD-8 71220
  • Cause of death: ICD-10 M12.3
  • Cause of death: ICD-8 71220

2 out of 7 registries used, show all original rules.

356

4. Check minimum number of events

None

356

5. Include endpoints

None

356

6. Filter based on genotype QC (FinnGen only)

354

Control definitions (FinnGen only)

Control exclude
M13_ARTHROPATHIES

Extra metadata

Level in the ICD hierarchy
4
First used in FinnGen datafreeze
DF2
Parent code in ICD-10
M12
Name in latin
Rheumatismus palindromicus

Case counts by codes

FinnGen case counts by registry codes:

generic upset plot

Upset plot

Full data table

Summary Statistics

-FinRegistry-

Key figures

All Female Male
Number of individuals
Whole population 1936 1191 735
Only index persons 1767 1120 647
Unadjusted period prevalence (%)
Whole population 0.03 0.03 0.02
Only index persons 0.04 0.04 0.02
Median age at first event (years)
Whole population 52.21 51.50 53.40
Only index persons 51.77 51.02 53.08

-FinnGen-

Key figures

All Female Male
Number of individuals 354 222 132
Unadjusted period prevalence (%) 0.08 0.09 0.07
Median age at first event (years) 52.25 50.47 55.25

-FinRegistry-

Age distribution of first events

-FinnGen-

Age distribution of first events

-FinRegistry-

Year distribution of first events

-FinnGen-

Year distribution of first events

-FinRegistry-

Cumulative Incidence Function

-FinnGen-

Cumulative Incidence Function

No data

CodeWAS (R11)

CodeWAS is a tool for exploring the associations between an endpoint and all of the medical codes and drug codes.

This is a new tool, please reach out using the contact form for feedback and improvement ideas.

First, a cohort is built by matching controls to the endpoint cases using year of birth and sex. Then, a Fisher test is done for all the medical codes and drug codes between the cases and controls of this cohort. Codes are reported in the table below if they have −log10(p-value) ≥ 6.

Matched cohort

Matched cases
356
Matched controls
3560
Code
Vocabulary
Description
Odds Ratio
-log10(p)
N matched cases
N matched controls
M12.3
ICD-10 Finland
Palindromic rheumatism
+∞
323.0
322
*
P01BA02
ATC
hydroxychloroquine; oral
358.5
312.5
282
37
202
Kela drug reimbursment
Connective tissue diseases, rheumatoid arthritis and comparable disease
113.5
226.2
237
61
M05.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other seropositive rheumatoid arthritis
+∞
190.1
165
*
L04AX03
ATC
methotrexate; systemic (immunosuppressants)
77.7
164.1
182
47
NK4XE
NOMESCO Finland
Joint ultrasound examination not elsewhere classified
130.8
156.1
160
22
A07EC01
ATC
sulfasalazine; oral, rectal
66.4
130.8
149
38
TNX10
NOMESCO Finland
Arthrocentesis, unspecified region, unspecified region
81.2
118.2
130
25
L88
ICPC
Rheumatoid/seropositive arthritis
225.6
86.5
86
5
M06.9
ICD-10 Finland
Rheumatoid arthritis, unspecified
1024.1
85.2
80
*
H02AB06
ATC
prednisolone; systemic
10.4
83.0
286
1000
M13.9
ICD-10 Finland
Arthritis, unspecified
52.6
74.1
88
22
M25.5
ICD-10 Finland
Pain in joint
9.7
68.8
165
291
L01BA01
ATC
methotrexate; systemic (folic acid analog.)
117.4
63.4
67
7
ND2DA
NOMESCO Finland
Bilateral hand X-ray examination
249.1
62.3
62
*
L04AA13
ATC
leflunomide; oral
701.0
61.7
59
*
ND2AA
NOMESCO Finland
Hand and fingers X-ray examination
19.9
60.5
94
63
M05.9
ICD-10 Finland
Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, unspecified
+∞
57.9
54
*
NH3DA
NOMESCO Finland
Bilateral foot X-ray examination
229.9
57.9
58
*
M06.0
ICD-10 Finland
Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis
+∞
54.6
51
*
313
Kela drug reimbursment
Abatacept, adalimumab, anakinra, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, infliximab, ixekizumab, sarilumab, secukinumab, tocilizumab and ustekinumab (rheumatoid diseases)
71.9
48.9
55
9
M17.1
ICD-10 Finland
Other primary gonarthrosis
18.4
46.2
73
49
281
Kela drug reimbursment
Abatacept, adalimumab, anakinra, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, infliximab, ixekizumab, sarilumab, secukinumab and tocilizumab
64.1
39.3
45
8
NH3AA
NOMESCO Finland
Foot and toes X-ray examination
16.7
39.2
64
46
M01CB01
ATC
sodium aurothiomalate; parenteral
+∞
38.2
36
*
71220
ICD-8 Finland
Rheumatoid arthritis and allied conditions, Palindromic rheumatism
+∞
33.9
32
*
NGB20
NOMESCO Finland
Primary total prosthetic replacement of knee joint without patellar part
316.3
29.2
29
*
L04AB01
ATC
etanercept; parenteral
70.0
28.4
32
5
M23.2
ICD-10 Finland
Derangement of meniscus due to old tear or injury
67.6
27.4
31
5
A12AX
ATC
Calcium, combinations with vitamin D and/or other drugs
3.6
27.0
169
713
NH3EA
NOMESCO Finland
Feet X-ray examination with load
279.7
26.0
26
*
H02AB07
ATC
prednisone; oral
5.0
24.3
87
218
ZX140
NOMESCO Finland
Intra articular
+∞
24.2
23
*
M01AH05
ATC
etoricoxib; oral
3.0
22.0
228
1314
7140A
ICD-9 Finland
Rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory polyarthropathies, Rheumatoid arthritis[ARTHRITIS RHEUMATOIDES SEROPOSITIVA]
+∞
21.0
20
*
NG1AA
NOMESCO Finland
Knee X-ray examination without contrast
8.8
20.2
44
56
M05
ICD-10 Finland
Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis
+∞
20.0
19
*
M06.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other specified rheumatoid arthritis
+∞
20.0
19
*
L20
ICPC
Joint symptom/complaint NOS
15.8
19.8
32
22
M01AE02
ATC
naproxen; oral, rectal
2.8
19.7
224
1329
M01AH01
ATC
celecoxib; oral (coxibs)
4.0
19.3
85
256
M17.0
ICD-10 Finland
Primary gonarthrosis, bilateral
12.0
19.2
35
32
L04AB04
ATC
adalimumab; parenteral
46.6
18.4
22
5
GD1AA
NOMESCO Finland
Thorax X-ray examination
2.8
18.4
177
931
M79.0
ICD-10 Finland
Rheumatism, unspecified
11.6
18.4
34
32
N02AX02
ATC
tramadol; systemic, rectal
2.8
18.2
161
805
TNG10
NOMESCO Finland
Puncture of knee
+∞
17.9
17
*
N02AA59
ATC
codeine, combinations excl. psycholeptics; systemic
2.7
17.8
174
918
NH3BA
NOMESCO Finland
Foot and toes extensive X-ray examination
14.2
17.3
29
22
M01CB03
ATC
auranofin; oral
94.5
16.7
18
*
TNX00
NOMESCO Finland
Puncture and needle biopsy of soft tissue, unspecified region
25.9
16.2
22
9
M17.9
ICD-10 Finland
Gonarthrosis, unspecified
6.8
16.0
41
67
ZY020
NOMESCO Finland
Telephone, letter or other consultation without direct patient contact
5.9
15.8
45
85
A02BC02
ATC
pantoprazole; systemic
2.6
15.5
244
1633
NGF35
NOMESCO Finland
Plastic operation of joint cartilage of knee
47.2
15.2
18
*
M16.1
ICD-10 Finland
Other primary coxarthrosis
15.0
14.8
24
17
M13.0
ICD-10 Finland
Polyarthritis, unspecified
83.6
14.7
16
*
NJ2MA
NOMESCO Finland
Measurement of mechanical axis of lower leg with X-ray
156.1
14.6
15
*
NF1AA
NOMESCO Finland
Hip X-ray examination
7.4
14.3
34
50
ND2BA
NOMESCO Finland
Hand and fingers extensive X-ray examination
21.1
13.9
20
10
NFB30
NOMESCO Finland
Primary total prosthetic replacement of hip joint not using cement
+∞
13.6
13
*
M00.9
ICD-10 Finland
Pyogenic arthritis, unspecified
+∞
13.6
13
*
H02AB04
ATC
methylprednisolone; systemic
3.5
13.6
69
230
M01AC06
ATC
meloxicam; systemic, rectal
2.5
13.6
137
710
NHG80
NOMESCO Finland
Fusion of first tarsometatarsal joint
145.2
13.5
14
*
M35.0
ICD-10 Finland
Sicca syndrome [Sjögren]
17.6
13.1
20
12
M79.6
ICD-10 Finland
Pain in limb
2.5
13.1
127
642
WX320
NOMESCO Finland
Spinalanesthesy
3.3
12.9
72
257
NGD05
NOMESCO Finland
Partial excision of meniscus of knee, arthroscopic
7.1
12.8
31
47
NA1EA
NOMESCO Finland
Cervical spine X-ray examination with flexion
72.5
12.7
14
*
NGF25
NOMESCO Finland
Operation for osteochondritis of knee, arthroscopic
21.0
12.6
18
9
NG1DA
NOMESCO Finland
X-ray of knees
+∞
12.6
12
*
SPAT1202
SPAT
Intra-articular injection
12.3
12.5
22
19
L15
ICPC
Knee symptom/complaint
3.2
12.1
67
238
NF1AE
NOMESCO Finland
Hip joint ultrasound examination
23.8
11.7
16
7
71238
ICD-8 Finland
Rheumatoid arthritis and allied conditions, Arthritis rheumatoides alia definita
+∞
11.5
11
*
NGF15
NOMESCO Finland
Total synovectomy of knee, arthroscopic
+∞
11.5
11
*
7148X
ICD-9 Finland
Rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory polyarthropathies, Other specified inflammatory polyarthropathies
+∞
11.5
11
*
N02AJ06
ATC
codeine and paracetamol; systemic
2.4
11.5
130
699
NB1AA
NOMESCO Finland
Shoulder X-ray examination without contrast
6.1
11.5
31
55
M01AX17
ATC
nimesulide; oral
2.7
11.3
91
407
M19.0
ICD-10 Finland
Primary arthrosis of other joints
11.7
11.2
20
18
M75.1
ICD-10 Finland
Rotator cuff syndrome
2.8
11.2
82
347
M15.9
ICD-10 Finland
Polyarthrosis, unspecified
7.8
11.2
25
34
M01AB55
ATC
diclofenac, combinations; oral
5.1
10.9
34
72
M20.1
ICD-10 Finland
Hallux valgus (acquired)
8.9
10.7
22
26
M02.9
ICD-10 Finland
Reactive arthropathy, unspecified
113.2
10.5
11
*
NHG77
NOMESCO Finland
Arthroplasty of interphalangeal tarsal joint(s)
+∞
10.5
10
*
M06
ICD-10 Finland
Other rheumatoid arthritis
+∞
10.5
10
*
TND11
NOMESCO Finland
Injection of diagnostic or therapeutic substance in joint, wrist or hand
+∞
10.5
10
*
M13.1
ICD-10 Finland
Monoarthritis, not elsewhere classified
+∞
10.5
10
*
R91
ICD-10 Finland
Abnormal findings on diagnostic imaging of lung
3.6
10.4
48
148
M35.7
ICD-10 Finland
Hypermobility syndrome
33.6
10.4
13
*
M01AH02
ATC
rofecoxib; oral
3.2
10.1
54
186
L11
ICPC
Wrist symptom/complaint
4.4
10.1
36
88
NHM20
NOMESCO Finland
Excision of synovial ganglion of ankle or foot
17.3
10.0
15
9
M10.9
ICD-10 Finland
Gout, unspecified
6.9
9.9
24
37
L04AX01
ATC
azathioprine; systemic
5.9
9.9
27
49
M13.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other specified arthritis
26.9
9.9
13
5
S18
ICPC
Laceration/cut
2.1
9.8
139
818
GD1DD
NOMESCO Finland
High resolution CT examination of lungs
5.5
9.8
28
54
J45.9
ICD-10 Finland
Asthma, unspecified
2.7
9.7
70
294
L04AA01
ATC
[U] ciclosporin; systemic
18.1
9.5
14
8
NK5AT
NOMESCO Finland
Joint injection with ultrasound guidance not elsewhere classified
102.6
9.5
10
*
M07.3*L40.5
ICD-10 Finland
Other psoriatic arthropathies
102.6
9.5
10
*
71239
ICD-8 Finland
Rheumatoid arthritis and allied conditions, Arthritis rheumatoides NUD
+∞
9.4
9
*
NK6QA
NOMESCO Finland
Measurement of bone density from tow or more locations with X-ray
3.9
9.4
38
105
M79.7
ICD-10 Finland
Fibromyalgia
9.4
9.1
18
20
R06AE07
ATC
cetirizine; oral
2.0
9.1
157
997
L04AB06
ATC
golimumab; parenteral
37.7
9.1
11
*
M01AE03
ATC
ketoprofen; systemic, rectal
2.1
9.0
132
783
NH3FA
NOMESCO Finland
Weight-bearing X-ray of foot
24.7
9.0
12
5
M35.3
ICD-10 Finland
Polymyalgia rheumatica
6.6
8.9
22
35
203
Kela drug reimbursment
Chronic asthma and similar chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
2.5
8.9
75
342
M03BA52
ATC
carisoprodol, combinations excl. psycholeptics; oral
6.4
8.8
22
36
M35.9
ICD-10 Finland
Systemic involvement of connective tissue, unspecified
14.5
8.8
14
10
N02BE01
ATC
paracetamol; systemic, rectal
2.3
8.8
295
2422
M02AA10
ATC
ketoprofen; topical
2.7
8.7
63
262
T84.0
ICD-10 Finland
Mechanical complication of internal joint prosthesis
51.2
8.7
10
*
A02BC03
ATC
lansoprazole; oral
2.2
8.5
103
560
J20.9
ICD-10 Finland
Acute bronchitis, unspecified
2.6
8.4
67
295
J01DB01
ATC
cefalexin; oral
2.2
8.4
286
2327
NDG30
NOMESCO Finland
Fusion of wrist, total
+∞
8.4
8
*
NHG76
NOMESCO Finland
Arthroplasty of other tarsometatarsal joint
+∞
8.4
8
*
L04AA17
ATC
[U] adalimumab; parenteral
+∞
8.4
8
*
NHK40
NOMESCO Finland
Osteotomy or rotation osteotomy of II-V metatarsal or tarsal bone
+∞
8.4
8
*
M54.5
ICD-10 Finland
Low back pain
2.1
8.2
110
624
HMAK
NOMESCO Finland
NA
2.9
8.2
52
201
M01AB05
ATC
diclofenac; systemic, rectal
1.9
8.2
228
1701
N02AE01
ATC
buprenorphine; parenteral, sublingual, transdermal
3.3
8.2
41
135
SPAT1230
SPAT
Aid fitting and borrowing and monitoring of use
2.7
8.2
57
233
FM1EE
NOMESCO Finland
Extensive structural and functional ultrasound examination of heart
2.3
8.2
82
409
J01AA02
ATC
doxycycline; systemic
2.1
8.1
276
2227
R03DC03
ATC
montelukast; oral
2.6
8.0
60
257
SPAT1249
SPAT
Treatment-related counselling outside office
1.9
7.9
145
928
N03AX16
ATC
pregabalin; oral
2.3
7.9
80
399
Z01.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other specified special examinations
2.3
7.8
78
387
M15.0
ICD-10 Finland
Primary generalized (osteo)arthrosis
15.5
7.8
12
8
L12
ICPC
Hand/finger symptom/complaint
2.8
7.7
51
200
SPAT1223
SPAT
Implementation of physical therapy rehabilitation plan
2.2
7.7
94
508
A02BC05
ATC
esomeprazole; systemic
1.9
7.7
139
883
M04AA01
ATC
allopurinol; systemic
3.0
7.6
44
160
RF420
NOMESCO Finland
NA
18.8
7.6
11
6
R03AK07
ATC
formoterol and budesonide; inhalant
2.3
7.6
78
390
NG1AE
NOMESCO Finland
Knee joint ultrasound exmination
81.7
7.4
8
*
M17.3
ICD-10 Finland
Other post-traumatic gonarthrosis
81.7
7.4
8
*
NJ3NA
NOMESCO Finland
Measurement of difference in extremity lengty with X-ray
81.7
7.4
8
*
L04AA11
ATC
[U] etanercept; parenteral
81.7
7.4
8
*
L28
ICPC
Limited function/disability (L)
2.7
7.4
53
219
SPAT1211
SPAT
Application of soft bandage
3.4
7.4
35
111
ND2BG
NOMESCO Finland
MRI of hand
+∞
7.3
7
*
72410
ICD-8 Finland
Internal derangement of joint, Other shoulder derangement
+∞
7.3
7
*
TNH11
NOMESCO Finland
Injection of diagnostic or therapeutic substance in ankle joint or foot joint
+∞
7.3
7
*
M07.3
ICD-10 Finland
Other psoriatic arthropathies
+∞
7.3
7
*
NHK30
NOMESCO Finland
Osteotomy or rotation osteotomy of first metatarsal or tarsal bone
+∞
7.3
7
*
L03
ICPC
Low back symptom/complaint
2.2
7.3
82
428
R01AD08
ATC
fluticasone; nasal
2.0
7.2
106
617
P01BA01
ATC
chloroquine; systemic
30.7
7.2
9
*
1XC02
NOMESCO Finland
NA
20.5
7.2
10
5
J01DA09
ATC
[U] cefadroxil; inhalant, oral
2.0
7.2
99
563
M16.0
ICD-10 Finland
Primary coxarthrosis, bilateral
12.4
7.1
12
10
J01FA06
ATC
roxithromycin; oral
1.9
7.1
140
910
SPAT1263
SPAT
Sampling
1.9
7.0
142
933
M20.4
ICD-10 Finland
Other hammer toe(s) (acquired)
14.1
6.9
11
8
SPAT1149
SPAT
Suture or treatment of traumatic wound
2.7
6.9
48
197
A46
ICD-10 Finland
Erysipelas
2.6
6.9
50
209
SPAT1153
SPAT
Removal of sutures
2.0
6.9
102
598
L17
ICPC
Foot/toe symptom/complaint
2.1
6.8
81
431
SPAT1216
SPAT
Assessment of functional ability
2.6
6.8
52
222
Z3229
NOMESCO Finland
Other healthcare associate professional
3.3
6.8
33
107
XX9XE
NOMESCO Finland
Other ultrasound examination
40.8
6.8
8
*
RF410
NOMESCO Finland
NA
17.1
6.8
10
6
XA402
NOMESCO Finland
ENMG
7.4
6.8
15
21
G56.0
ICD-10 Finland
Carpal tunnel syndrome
2.7
6.8
46
185
L40.5
ICD-10 Finland
Arthropathic psoriasis
23.0
6.7
9
*
SPAT1097
SPAT
Recording of ECG
2.5
6.7
54
238
R03BA01
ATC
beclometasone; inhalant
2.4
6.6
55
249
NGA30
NOMESCO Finland
Exploration of knee joint, arthroscopic
12.6
6.6
11
9
WZA10
NOMESCO Finland
Long statement of health and health related matters
12.6
6.6
11
9
R03AC02
ATC
salbutamol; inhalant
1.8
6.6
177
1269
M02AA07
ATC
piroxicam; topical
1.9
6.5
119
749
M19.1
ICD-10 Finland
Post-traumatic arthrosis of other joints
71.0
6.4
7
*
M17.5
ICD-10 Finland
Other secondary gonarthrosis
71.0
6.4
7
*
NH1BG
NOMESCO Finland
Ankle and foot MRI examination with high intensity magnet
14.6
6.4
10
7
M10.0
ICD-10 Finland
Idiopathic gout
8.4
6.4
13
16
-48
ICPC
Clarification/discussion RFE/demand
8.4
6.4
13
16
L90
ICPC
Osteoarthrosis of knee
6.1
6.4
16
27
R52.9
ICD-10 Finland
Pain, unspecified
3.1
6.4
33
113
B01AF01
ATC
rivaroxaban; oral
3.1
6.3
34
119
M03BX02
ATC
tizanidine; oral
1.8
6.3
208
1579
M01AH03
ATC
valdecoxib; oral
3.8
6.3
25
69
M15.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other polyarthrosis
18.4
6.3
9
5
NF1DA
NOMESCO Finland
X-ray of hips
+∞
6.3
6
*
212
Kela drug reimbursment
Gout
+∞
6.3
6
*
NE1BA
NOMESCO Finland
Pelvis extensive X-ray examination
+∞
6.3
6
*
M23.9
ICD-10 Finland
Internal derangement of knee, unspecified
3.7
6.3
26
75
NDL52
NOMESCO Finland
Tenosynovectomy of hand
27.2
6.3
8
*
A02BA02
ATC
ranitidine; systemic
2.1
6.2
73
386
M05BA04
ATC
alendronic acid; oral
3.1
6.2
33
115
SPAT1222
SPAT
Counselling/guidance promoting independent living
2.4
6.2
52
237
SPAT1059
SPAT
Spirometry at the office
3.7
6.1
25
71
J01CR02
ATC
amoxicillin and beta-lactamase inhibitor; systemic
1.7
6.1
171
1232
NB1AE
NOMESCO Finland
Shoulder ultrasound examination
8.8
6.1
12
14
WX204
NOMESCO Finland
Axillary plexus blockaced
5.4
6.1
17
33
R10.4
ICD-10 Finland
Other and unspecified abdominal pain
1.9
6.1
114
720
NA3CG
NOMESCO Finland
Lumbar spine extensive MRI examination with high intensity magnet
4.9
6.0
18
38

Mortality – FinRegistry

Association

Association between endpoint M13_PALINDROMIC and mortality.

Females

Parameter HR [95% CI] p-value
M13_PALINDROMIC 1.065 [0.85, 1.33] 0.575
Birth year 0.998 [0.99, 1.01] 0.617

During the follow-up period (1.1.1998 — 31.12.2019), 93 out of 915 females with M13_PALINDROMIC died.

Males

Parameter HR [95% CI] p-value
M13_PALINDROMIC 1.457 [1.19, 1.78] < 0.001
Birth year 0.988 [0.98, 1.0] 0.009

During the follow-up period (1.1.1998 — 31.12.2019), 120 out of 583 males with M13_PALINDROMIC died.

Mortality risk

Mortality risk for people of age

years, who have M13_PALINDROMIC.

N-year risk Females Males
1 0.084% 0.246%
5 0.568% 1.694%
10 1.612% 4.199%
15 3.344% 7.854%
20 5.978% 13.26%

Relationships between endpoints

Index endpoint: M13_PALINDROMIC – Palindromic rheumatism

GWS hits: -

Endpoint
Case Overlap
Survival Analysis
Genetic Correlations
Genetic Signals
N (Jaccard index)
HR [CI]
Extremity
rg [CI]
Extremity
Hits
Coloc Hits
FinRegistry
FinnGen
FinRegistry
FinnGen
FinnGen
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