Achalasia of cardia

K11_ACHAL

Endpoint definition

Endpoint definition steps

FinnGen

Phenotype data

520210

1. Apply sex-specific rule

None

520210

2. Check conditions

None

520210

3. Check pre-conditions, main-only, mode, registry filters

Registry filters:

  • Hospital discharge: ICD-10 K22.0
  • Hospital discharge: ICD-9 5300
  • Hospital discharge: ICD-8 5300
  • Cause of death: ICD-10 K22.0
  • Cause of death: ICD-9 5300
  • Cause of death: ICD-8 5300

2 out of 7 registries used, show all original rules.

663

4. Check minimum number of events

None

663

5. Include endpoints

None

663

6. Filter based on genotype QC (FinnGen only)

663

Control definitions (FinnGen only)

Control exclude
K11_OESSTODUO

Extra metadata

Level in the ICD hierarchy
3
First used in FinnGen datafreeze
DF2
Parent code in ICD-10
K22
Name in latin
Achalasia cardiae

Case counts by codes

FinnGen case counts by registry codes:

generic upset plot

Upset plot

Full data table

Summary Statistics

-FinRegistry-

Key figures

All Female Male
Number of individuals
Whole population 5195 2402 2748
Only index persons 4286 2011 2275
Unadjusted period prevalence (%)
Whole population 0.07 0.07 0.08
Only index persons 0.08 0.07 0.09
Median age at first event (years)
Whole population 56.29 57.84 54.84
Only index persons 53.34 54.74 52.09

-FinnGen-

Key figures

All Female Male
Number of individuals 663 324 339
Unadjusted period prevalence (%) 0.13 0.11 0.15
Median age at first event (years) 54.15 50.77 57.39

-FinRegistry-

Age distribution of first events

-FinnGen-

Age distribution of first events

-FinRegistry-

Year distribution of first events

-FinnGen-

Year distribution of first events

-FinRegistry-

Cumulative Incidence Function

-FinnGen-

Cumulative Incidence Function

CodeWAS (R11)

CodeWAS is a tool for exploring the associations between an endpoint and all of the medical codes and drug codes.

This is a new tool, please reach out using the contact form for feedback and improvement ideas.

First, a cohort is built by matching controls to the endpoint cases using year of birth and sex. Then, a Fisher test is done for all the medical codes and drug codes between the cases and controls of this cohort. Codes are reported in the table below if they have −log10(p-value) ≥ 6.

Matched cohort

Matched cases
600
Matched controls
5999
Code
Vocabulary
Description
Odds Ratio
-log10(p)
N matched cases
N matched controls
K22.0
ICD-10 Finland
Achalasia of cardia
+∞
323.0
482
*
UJD10
NOMESCO Finland
Esophagoscopy, gastroscopy and duodenoscopy
29.2
273.3
451
564
JCA55
NOMESCO Finland
Endoscopic dilatation of oesophagus
593.0
182.5
172
*
K21.0
ICD-10 Finland
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease with oesophagitis
53.2
135.2
161
41
R13
ICD-10 Finland
Dysphagia
27.4
133.2
188
98
K22.2
ICD-10 Finland
Oesophageal obstruction
+∞
95.4
89
*
JC2AB
NOMESCO Finland
Oesophagus X-ray examination with contrast
146.0
94.2
98
8
K21.9
ICD-10 Finland
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease without oesophagitis
28.4
90.6
125
55
K22.4
ICD-10 Finland
Dyskinesia of oesophagus
985.8
89.1
85
*
JCE21
NOMESCO Finland
Laparoscopic cardiomyotomy
+∞
82.2
77
*
A02BC05
ATC
esomeprazole; systemic
4.9
71.0
353
1361
K22.1
ICD-10 Finland
Ulcer of oesophagus
750.2
69.5
67
*
JDW98
NOMESCO Finland
Other transluminal endoscopic operation on stomach or duodenum
49.1
67.1
81
19
53009
ICD-8 Finland
Diseases of oesophagus, Functio laesa NUD
+∞
66.9
63
*
UJD02
NOMESCO Finland
Gastroscopy
18.0
54.8
87
56
K44.9
ICD-10 Finland
Diaphragmatic hernia without obstruction or gangrene
14.3
52.7
92
75
A02BC02
ATC
pantoprazole; systemic
4.1
52.6
457
2625
JBC01
NOMESCO Finland
Laparoscopic gastro-oesophageal antireflux operation
231.1
42.5
43
*
XJC02
NOMESCO Finland
Mesurement of oesophageal pressure and pressure profile of lower oesophageal sphincter
225.3
41.4
42
*
53001
ICD-8 Finland
Diseases of oesophagus, Achalasia cardiae
+∞
41.1
39
*
A02BC03
ATC
lansoprazole; oral
3.6
41.0
242
948
K22.9
ICD-10 Finland
Disease of oesophagus, unspecified
+∞
40.0
38
*
UJC12
NOMESCO Finland
Flexible oesophagoscopy
69.3
39.7
45
7
A02BA02
ATC
ranitidine; systemic
3.9
36.8
181
600
5300A
ICD-9 Finland
Diseases of oesophagus, Achalasia and cardiospasm
+∞
29.4
28
*
A02BC01
ATC
omeprazole; systemic
3.0
28.5
213
935
A03FA02
ATC
cisapride; oral, rectal
5.6
28.3
87
176
JC2KB
NOMESCO Finland
Functional X-ray examination of swallowing
30.2
27.9
37
13
GD1AA
NOMESCO Finland
Thorax X-ray examination
2.6
26.3
301
1690
R10.4
ICD-10 Finland
Other and unspecified abdominal pain
2.7
26.0
237
1163
K22.7
ICD-10 Finland
Barrett oesophagus
97.8
25.9
28
*
WX408
NOMESCO Finland
General anesthesy, balanced
2.8
25.9
207
938
C08CA05
ATC
nifedipine; systemic
5.0
25.2
85
190
JDA55
NOMESCO Finland
Endoscopic dilatation of stomach, pylorus or anastomosis of stomach
260.3
24.9
25
*
A02BC04
ATC
rabeprazole; oral
4.9
22.7
78
178
K30
ICD-10 Finland
Functional dyspepsia
5.7
22.1
66
128
T18.1
ICD-10 Finland
Foreign body in oesophagus
23.3
21.9
31
14
JCF12
NOMESCO Finland
Endoscopic insertion of prosthetic tube into oesphagus
62.3
21.0
24
*
UJF32
NOMESCO Finland
Coloscopy
2.6
20.2
177
827
JDA32
NOMESCO Finland
Endoscopic injection in stomach or pylorus
+∞
19.9
19
*
K20
ICD-10 Finland
Oesophagitis
28.9
18.9
25
9
1323
FHL
Esophagoscopy and dilatation
+∞
18.8
18
*
ZXE10
NOMESCO Finland
More than one and less than three hours
2.3
18.7
245
1399
WX002
NOMESCO Finland
Sedation and analgesia
2.7
18.5
146
636
JCA08
NOMESCO Finland
Endoscopic removal of foreign body from oesophagus
185.2
17.6
18
*
XJC00
NOMESCO Finland
Oesophageal manometry
92.7
16.6
18
*
XJC10
NOMESCO Finland
Oesophageal pH monitoring
174.6
16.6
17
*
K57.3
ICD-10 Finland
Diverticular disease of large intestine without perforation or abscess
2.8
16.2
118
488
WX404
NOMESCO Finland
Intravenous generell anesthesy
2.5
15.9
148
699
Z04.8
ICD-10 Finland
Examination and observation for other specified reasons
3.1
15.7
92
329
JBW97
NOMESCO Finland
Other laparoscopic operation on diaphragm or laparoscopic or thoracoscopic operation for gastro-oesophageal reflux
+∞
15.7
15
*
504
Kela drug reimbursment
Conditions requiring daily forced enteral nutrition
11.2
15.6
29
27
K29.1
ICD-10 Finland
Other acute gastritis
164.1
15.5
16
*
ZXE00
NOMESCO Finland
One hour or less
2.1
15.5
254
1565
GD1PA
NOMESCO Finland
X-ray examination of the lungs in one projection
3.5
15.1
73
227
UDQ12
NOMESCO Finland
Flexible laryngoscopy
4.6
14.9
52
120
ZXC96
NOMESCO Finland
Robot assisted procedure
6.7
14.7
37
58
K22.3
ICD-10 Finland
Perforation of oesophagus
+∞
14.6
14
*
K25.9
ICD-10 Finland
Gastric ulcer, Unspecified as acute or chronic, without haemorrhage or perforation
82.1
14.6
16
*
J45.9
ICD-10 Finland
Asthma, unspecified
2.5
14.5
123
552
N02AX02
ATC
tramadol; systemic, rectal
2.0
14.4
265
1695
J01MA12
ATC
levofloxacin; systemic
2.5
14.2
126
578
R07.4
ICD-10 Finland
Chest pain, unspecified
2.2
14.2
166
878
Z01.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other specified special examinations
2.3
13.8
146
731
K29.3
ICD-10 Finland
Chronic superficial gastritis
34.9
13.6
17
5
JBC00
NOMESCO Finland
Gastro-oesophageal antireflux operation
143.1
13.5
14
*
R10.1
ICD-10 Finland
Pain localized to upper abdomen
2.7
13.3
100
416
J18.9
ICD-10 Finland
Pneumonia, unspecified
2.2
13.1
164
887
GD1UA
NOMESCO Finland
Thorax X-ray examination outside radiological department
2.5
12.9
111
500
N02BE01
ATC
paracetamol; systemic, rectal
2.2
12.6
501
4194
K29.7
ICD-10 Finland
Gastritis, unspecified
13.5
12.5
21
16
C01DA08
ATC
isosorbide dinitrate; oral, oral aerosol, sublingual, transdermal
2.1
12.4
159
866
ZXD05
NOMESCO Finland
Urgent procedure
2.0
11.9
194
1163
Y0599
ICD-8 Finland
Investigation of digestive system
8.6
11.9
25
30
K29.5
ICD-10 Finland
Chronic gastritis, unspecified
30.7
11.7
15
5
TJX90
NOMESCO Finland
Other minor procedure in gastroenterological surgery
66.3
11.6
13
*
JCA98
NOMESCO Finland
Other local endoscopic operation on oesophagus
+∞
11.5
11
*
6241
FHL
Fund application (Nissen)
+∞
11.5
11
*
N02AA59
ATC
codeine, combinations excl. psycholeptics; systemic
1.8
11.5
266
1806
K22.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other specified diseases of oesophagus
122.2
11.5
12
*
R53
ICD-10 Finland
Malaise and fatigue
2.2
11.4
131
678
A07AA02
ATC
nystatin; oral
3.5
11.2
53
163
JDB10
NOMESCO Finland
Percutaneous gastrostomy
10.3
11.1
21
21
K29.4
ICD-10 Finland
Chronic atrophic gastritis
44.2
11.0
13
*
WX402
NOMESCO Finland
General anaesthesia
2.3
10.7
105
504
K25.0
ICD-10 Finland
Gastric ulcer, Acute with haemorrhage
+∞
10.4
10
*
53094
ICD-8 Finland
Diseases of oesophagus, Oesophagitis
+∞
10.4
10
*
FM1EE
NOMESCO Finland
Extensive structural and functional ultrasound examination of heart
2.1
10.3
135
737
J01MA02
ATC
ciprofloxacin; systemic
1.8
10.3
235
1568
ZXD10
NOMESCO Finland
Scheduled procedure
1.8
10.1
232
1554
G47.3
ICD-10 Finland
Sleep apnoea
2.1
10.0
127
683
GD1QA
NOMESCO Finland
Supine thorax X-ray examination
2.2
10.0
109
546
K59.09
ICD-10 Finland
Constipation, unspecified
3.4
10.0
49
155
M79.6
ICD-10 Finland
Pain in limb
1.9
10.0
200
1276
JN3AA
NOMESCO Finland
Abdominal X-ray examination without contrast
4.1
10.0
38
97
R01AD08
ATC
fluticasone; nasal
1.9
9.9
162
961
A03FA01
ATC
metoclopramide; systemic, rectal
2.1
9.9
126
678
WX000
NOMESCO Finland
Monitoring vital functions without anesthesy
4.5
9.9
34
79
R4110
NOMESCO Finland
Physiotherapy
1.9
9.7
162
967
TPH04
NOMESCO Finland
Cathetrisation of vein
2.0
9.7
130
713
J69.0
ICD-10 Finland
Pneumonitis due to food and vomit
8.0
9.7
21
27
JN3AE
NOMESCO Finland
Abdominal ultrasound examination
2.4
9.6
87
400
Z3226
NOMESCO Finland
Physiotherapist
2.1
9.6
118
624
R42
ICD-10 Finland
Dizziness and giddiness
2.0
9.5
134
750
R03AK06
ATC
salmeterol and fluticasone; inhalant
2.3
9.5
95
458
UGC12
NOMESCO Finland
Flexible bronchoscopy
2.8
9.5
60
227
5301A
ICD-9 Finland
Diseases of oesophagus, Oesophagitis[OESOPHAGITIS REFLUENS]
+∞
9.4
9
*
A06AC01
ATC
ispaghula (psylla seeds); oral
2.0
9.3
138
787
WX110
NOMESCO Finland
Local anesthesy
1.7
9.2
381
3015
N03AX16
ATC
pregabalin; oral
2.0
9.2
136
776
R4190
NOMESCO Finland
Nutritional therapy
4.7
9.2
30
66
GD1AD
NOMESCO Finland
Thorax CT examination
3.8
9.1
37
101
1310
FHL
Esophagogastroscopy
37.3
9.0
11
*
N02AE01
ATC
buprenorphine; parenteral, sublingual, transdermal
2.3
9.0
83
386
GD5BD
NOMESCO Finland
Thorax and upper abdomen combined extensive CT examination of
5.9
9.0
24
42
R03AC02
ATC
salbutamol; inhalant
1.7
9.0
292
2151
R06.0
ICD-10 Finland
Dyspnoea
1.9
8.8
142
834
N06AX11
ATC
mirtazapine; oral
1.8
8.8
176
1118
JN4BD
NOMESCO Finland
Extensive body CT
2.4
8.7
74
331
A01
ICPC
Pain general/multiple sites
2.9
8.7
51
184
J01FA09
ATC
clarithromycin; systemic
1.8
8.7
175
1111
C01DA14
ATC
isosorbide mononitrate; oral
2.1
8.6
102
532
K59.1
ICD-10 Finland
Functional diarrhoea
3.8
8.6
35
96
D21
ICPC
Swallowing problem
9.2
8.6
17
19
R06AE07
ATC
cetirizine; oral
1.7
8.5
230
1600
A02BA04
ATC
nizatidine; systemic
2.9
8.4
50
182
J01.0
ICD-10 Finland
Acute maxillary sinusitis
2.0
8.4
119
664
N06AA09
ATC
amitriptyline; systemic
2.7
8.4
57
225
K25.7
ICD-10 Finland
Gastric ulcer, Chronic without haemorrhage or perforation
+∞
8.3
8
*
5308A
ICD-9 Finland
Diseases of oesophagus, Other specified disorders of oesophagus[HERNIA HIATUS OESOPHAGI (""""SLIDING HERNIA"""")]
+∞
8.3
8
*
R11
ICD-10 Finland
Nausea and vomiting
3.0
8.3
48
171
J01DA01
ATC
[U] cefalexin; systemic
1.7
8.3
357
2815
K92.1
ICD-10 Finland
Melaena
3.6
8.1
35
101
A01AB09
ATC
miconazole; local oral
2.6
8.1
61
254
UKC02
NOMESCO Finland
Cystoscopy
2.0
8.1
102
545
J45.0
ICD-10 Finland
Predominantly allergic asthma
2.7
8.1
55
218
ZXE05
NOMESCO Finland
Procedure duration 40 to 49 minutes
3.2
8.0
40
130
203
Kela drug reimbursment
Chronic asthma and similar chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
2.0
7.9
117
662
FB1BD
NOMESCO Finland
Extensive CT examination of arteria pulmonalis
2.7
7.9
54
214
D13.1
ICD-10 Finland
Benign neoplasm: Stomach
6.2
7.9
20
33
R02
ICPC
Shortness of breath/dyspnoea
2.3
7.9
71
326
R10.3
ICD-10 Finland
Pain localized to other parts of lower abdomen
2.0
7.8
104
565
Z03.9
ICD-10 Finland
Observation for suspected disease or condition, unspecified
2.0
7.8
100
534
PH2AE
NOMESCO Finland
Ultrasound examination of lower leg veins
2.4
7.8
68
308
UJF92
NOMESCO Finland
Capsular endoscopy
6.5
7.8
19
30
K21
ICD-10 Finland
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
3.9
7.8
30
79
XF400
NOMESCO Finland
ECG with 12 standard connections
2.0
7.7
102
555
Z3231
NOMESCO Finland
Registered nurse
1.8
7.7
166
1070
UJF30
NOMESCO Finland
Ileoscopy through colon
2.7
7.7
52
203
C03CA01
ATC
furosemide; systemic
1.7
7.6
179
1186
N03AX12
ATC
gabapentin; oral
2.1
7.3
83
422
H02AB06
ATC
prednisolone; systemic
1.6
7.3
262
1941
Z01.9
ICD-10 Finland
Special examination, unspecified
3.1
7.3
39
133
JCA96
NOMESCO Finland
Other local operation on oesophagus
+∞
7.3
7
*
JCE20
NOMESCO Finland
Cardiomyotomy
+∞
7.3
7
*
6302
FHL
Esophagogastromyotomy (Heller)
+∞
7.3
7
*
K92.0
ICD-10 Finland
Haematemesis
5.6
7.3
20
37
A02BX02
ATC
sucralfate; oral
3.7
7.3
30
84
Z03.80
ICD-10 Finland
Observation for other suspected diseases and conditions
4.2
7.3
26
64
WZC30
NOMESCO Finland
Teaching
2.1
7.2
80
402
Z2221
NOMESCO Finland
Medical doctor
1.7
7.2
160
1035
ZXE20
NOMESCO Finland
More than three and less than five hours
2.0
7.2
90
477
1300
FHL
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (also includes staining)
20.3
7.1
10
5
N02AJ06
ATC
codeine and paracetamol; systemic
1.7
7.1
188
1283
N05CF01
ATC
zopiclone; oral
1.7
7.1
184
1249
R03DC03
ATC
montelukast; oral
2.0
7.0
87
460
R51.80
ICD-10 Finland
Headache
2.1
7.0
75
374
R03BB04
ATC
tiotropium bromide; inhalant
2.3
6.9
65
305
46699
ICD-8 Finland
Acute bronchitis and bronchiolitis
7.7
6.9
15
20
I50.9
ICD-10 Finland
Heart failure, unspecified
2.0
6.9
86
457
R03BA05
ATC
fluticasone; inhalant
1.9
6.8
109
635
J20.9
ICD-10 Finland
Acute bronchitis, unspecified
1.9
6.8
102
580
GA4YT
NOMESCO Finland
Puncture of pleura with ultrasound guidance
4.4
6.8
23
54
G04BD08
ATC
solifenacin; oral
2.7
6.8
44
170
N39.0
ICD-10 Finland
Urinary tract infection, site not specified
2.1
6.8
81
421
M75.1
ICD-10 Finland
Rotator cuff syndrome
1.8
6.8
128
790
JN3AD
NOMESCO Finland
Abdominal CT examination
2.8
6.8
43
163
T81.4
ICD-10 Finland
Infection following a procedure, not elsewhere classified
2.2
6.7
64
303
JN3BD
NOMESCO Finland
Extensive abdominal CT
2.3
6.7
63
294
R07.3
ICD-10 Finland
Other chest pain
2.4
6.7
56
249
J01DB01
ATC
cefalexin; oral
1.6
6.7
450
3877
Y83
ICD-10 Finland
Surgical operation and other surgical procedures as the cause of abnormal reaction of the patient, or of later complication, without mention of misadventure at the time of the procedure
2.5
6.6
50
211
M54.4
ICD-10 Finland
Lumbago with sciatica
2.0
6.6
86
465
UJC02
NOMESCO Finland
Rigid oesophagoscopy
10.2
6.6
12
12
UDH02
NOMESCO Finland
Rhinopharyngoscopy
2.8
6.5
40
150
X59
ICD-10 Finland
Exposure to unspecified factor
1.9
6.5
103
599
SPAT1104
SPAT
Monitoring of emergency patient
2.6
6.5
45
180
R01AD09
ATC
mometasone; nasal
1.6
6.5
237
1756
D50.9
ICD-10 Finland
Iron deficiency anaemia, unspecified
2.8
6.5
41
155
WZC00
NOMESCO Finland
Planning of intervention or health care consultation
1.6
6.4
179
1231
EP1AE
NOMESCO Finland
Neck ultrasound examination
2.8
6.4
38
139
K22
ICD-10 Finland
Other diseases of oesophagus
70.6
6.4
7
*
D06
ICPC
Abdominal pain localized other
2.5
6.4
48
200
P01AB01
ATC
metronidazole; oral, rectal
1.6
6.4
203
1446
J01CR02
ATC
amoxicillin and beta-lactamase inhibitor; systemic
1.6
6.4
272
2087
A12AX
ATC
Calcium, combinations with vitamin D and/or other drugs
1.6
6.4
177
1217
N10
ICD-10 Finland
Acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis
2.0
6.3
78
411
EB1HA
NOMESCO Finland
Panorama tomography of teeth and jaws or similar X-ray examination
1.6
6.3
205
1469
WX700
NOMESCO Finland
Respiratory and circulatory monitoring
1.9
6.3
91
511
JN1AE
NOMESCO Finland
Ultrasound examination of upper part of abdomen
2.5
6.3
48
204
K31.7
ICD-10 Finland
Polyp of stomach and duodenum
+∞
6.3
6
*
JCA32
NOMESCO Finland
Endoscopic injection in oesophagus
+∞
6.3
6
*
K22.5
ICD-10 Finland
Diverticulum of oesophagus, acquired
+∞
6.3
6
*
K25.3
ICD-10 Finland
Gastric ulcer, Acute without haemorrhage or perforation
+∞
6.3
6
*
N03AE01
ATC
clonazepam; systemic
2.9
6.3
36
129
R12
ICD-10 Finland
Heartburn
2.7
6.2
40
153
49300
ICD-8 Finland
Asthma, bronchiale
4.6
6.2
20
45
SAA03
NOMESCO Finland
Extended examination of mouth
1.6
6.2
200
1428
A28
ICPC
Limited function/disability NOS
1.9
6.2
92
523
J02AC01
ATC
fluconazole; systemic
1.6
6.2
197
1404
D03
ICPC
Heartburn
3.8
6.1
24
65
SPAT1222
SPAT
Counselling/guidance promoting independent living
1.9
6.1
95
549
A01AB04
ATC
amphotericin B; local oral
2.8
6.1
36
132
J32.0
ICD-10 Finland
Chronic maxillary sinusitis
2.6
6.1
43
175
L28
ICPC
Limited function/disability (L)
1.9
6.0
94
540
N05AH04
ATC
quetiapine; oral
1.9
6.0
87
488

Mortality – FinRegistry

Association

Association between endpoint K11_ACHAL and mortality.

Females

Parameter HR [95% CI] p-value
K11_ACHAL 1.679 [1.43, 1.97] < 0.001
Birth year 0.994 [0.99, 1.0] 0.159

During the follow-up period (1.1.1998 — 31.12.2019), 400 out of 1422 females with K11_ACHAL died.

Males

Parameter HR [95% CI] p-value
K11_ACHAL 1.729 [1.48, 2.03] < 0.001
Birth year 0.984 [0.97, 0.99] 0.001

During the follow-up period (1.1.1998 — 31.12.2019), 597 out of 1737 males with K11_ACHAL died.

Mortality risk

Mortality risk for people of age

years, who have K11_ACHAL.

N-year risk Females Males
1 0.182% 0.257%
5 1.003% 1.676%
10 2.602% 4.449%
15 4.928% 8.826%
20 8.809% 15.009%

Relationships between endpoints

Index endpoint: K11_ACHAL – Achalasia of cardia

GWS hits: 1

Endpoint
Case Overlap
Survival Analysis
Genetic Correlations
Genetic Signals
N (Jaccard index)
HR [CI]
Extremity
rg [CI]
Extremity
Hits
Coloc Hits
FinRegistry
FinnGen
FinRegistry
FinnGen
FinnGen
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