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Corneal scars and opacities

EFO MESH Endpoint Browser PheWeb

H7_CORNEALSCAR

Endpoint definition

↥

Endpoint definition steps

FinnGen

Phenotype data

520210

1. Apply sex-specific rule

None

520210

2. Check conditions

None

520210

3. Check pre-conditions, main-only, mode, registry filters

Registry filters:

  • Hospital discharge: ICD-10 — H17
  • Hospital discharge: ICD-9 — 3710
  • Cause of death: ICD-10 — H17
  • Cause of death: ICD-9 — 3710

2 out of 7 registries used, show all original rules.

946

4. Check minimum number of events

None

946

5. Include endpoints

None

946

6. Filter based on genotype QC (FinnGen only)

946

Control definitions (FinnGen only)

Control exclude
H7_SCLERACORNEA

Extra metadata

Level in the ICD hierarchy
4
First used in FinnGen datafreeze
DF2
Parent code in ICD-10
H15-H22
Name in latin
Cicatrices et opacitates corneae

Case counts by codes

↥

FinnGen case counts by registry codes:

generic upset plot

Upset plot

Full data table

Summary Statistics

↥

-FinRegistry-

Key figures

All Female Male
Number of individuals
Whole population 7698 3908 3727
Only index persons 6810 3444 3366
Unadjusted period prevalence (%)
Whole population 0.11 0.11 0.10
Only index persons 0.13 0.13 0.13
Median age at first event (years)
Whole population 61.16 67.07 54.84
Only index persons 59.45 65.16 53.60

-FinnGen-

Key figures

All Female Male
Number of individuals 946 493 453
Unadjusted period prevalence (%) 0.18 0.17 0.20
Median age at first event (years) 60.68 60.11 61.30

-FinRegistry-

Age distribution of first events

-FinnGen-

Age distribution of first events

-FinRegistry-

Year distribution of first events

-FinnGen-

Year distribution of first events

-FinRegistry-

Cumulative Incidence Function

-FinnGen-

Cumulative Incidence Function

CodeWAS (R11)

↥

CodeWAS is a tool for exploring the associations between an endpoint and all of the medical codes and drug codes.

This is a new tool, please reach out using the contact form for feedback and improvement ideas.

First, a cohort is built by matching controls to the endpoint cases using year of birth and sex. Then, a Fisher test is done for all the medical codes and drug codes between the cases and controls of this cohort. Codes are reported in the table below if they have −log10(p-value) ≥ 6.

Matched cohort

Matched cases
826
Matched controls
8258
Code
Vocabulary
Description
Odds Ratio
-log10(p)
N matched cases
N matched controls
H17.9
ICD-10 Finland
Corneal scar and opacity, unspecified
+∞
311.8
279
*
H17.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other corneal scars and opacities
+∞
309.4
277
*
H17.1
ICD-10 Finland
Other central corneal opacity
+∞
296.2
266
*
H16.0
ICD-10 Finland
Corneal ulcer
60.5
173.4
202
44
S01XA20
ATC
artificial tears and other indifferent preparations; ophthalmic
6.3
130.1
575
2201
CG2T4
NOMESCO Finland
Topography assessment of cornea
164.9
110.3
114
8
H16.9
ICD-10 Finland
Keratitis, unspecified
1160.1
106.8
102
*
Z94.7
ICD-10 Finland
Corneal transplant status
+∞
90.3
85
*
CG2X4
NOMESCO Finland
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of cornea
172.2
89.1
92
6
CG2S4
NOMESCO Finland
Photography of cornea
145.8
86.9
91
7
H20.0
ICD-10 Finland
Acute and subacute iridocyclitis
907.1
85.2
82
*
S01CA01
ATC
dexamethasone and antiinfectives; ophthalmic (ophth., corticosteroids and antiinfectives in comb.)
4.3
83.1
451
1794
XCW99
NOMESCO Finland
Other investigative procedure of eye
6.6
81.8
238
475
S01AD03
ATC
aciclovir; ophthalmic
16.9
79.4
130
90
H17.0
ICD-10 Finland
Adherent leukoma
+∞
71.9
68
*
H19.1*B00.5
ICD-10 Finland
Herpesviral keratoconjunctivitis
+∞
69.8
66
*
Z96.1
ICD-10 Finland
Presence of intraocular lens
5.1
62.6
229
581
H18.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other specified disorders of cornea
313.2
58.0
58
*
CGG45
NOMESCO Finland
Full thickness transplantation of cornea using homograft
+∞
55.9
53
*
H18.4
ICD-10 Finland
Corneal degeneration
+∞
55.9
53
*
XCK10
NOMESCO Finland
Photography of fundus of eye
5.2
53.0
184
432
H18.5
ICD-10 Finland
Hereditary corneal dystrophies
540.3
52.1
51
*
TCG10
NOMESCO Finland
Removal of sutures from cornea
76.2
50.7
57
8
H04.10
ICD-10 Finland
Dry eye syndrome
5.1
46.9
163
379
WX100
NOMESCO Finland
Conjunctival surface anesthesia
4.4
42.5
173
471
CGD10
NOMESCO Finland
Laser keratoplasty for error of refraction
69.4
40.5
46
7
H16.2
ICD-10 Finland
Keratoconjunctivitis
405.8
39.4
39
*
3710A
ICD-9 Finland
Corneal opacity and other disorders of cornea, Corneal scars and opacities
+∞
38.9
37
*
Z01.0
ICD-10 Finland
Examination of eyes and vision
3.4
35.5
205
738
WX140
NOMESCO Finland
Parabulbar anesthesy
7.1
34.3
87
134
CJE20
NOMESCO Finland
Phakoemulsification with implantation of artificial lens in posterior chamber
2.6
33.0
323
1628
Z3229
NOMESCO Finland
Other healthcare associate professional
4.1
31.5
132
362
CK2X4
NOMESCO Finland
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of ocular fundus
4.1
30.0
125
341
ZXA10
NOMESCO Finland
Bilateral
2.8
29.6
223
952
H25.1
ICD-10 Finland
Senile nuclear cataract
2.5
28.1
272
1338
H40.5
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma secondary to other eye disorders
31.3
27.4
36
12
H19.1
ICD-10 Finland
Herpesviral keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis
+∞
26.2
25
*
H20.1
ICD-10 Finland
Chronic iridocyclitis
+∞
26.2
25
*
CFD10
NOMESCO Finland
Repair of conjunctiva
139.4
25.8
27
*
H27.0
ICD-10 Finland
Aphakia
139.4
25.8
27
*
TCG00
NOMESCO Finland
Protection of cornea and sclera with soft lens
60.0
25.1
29
5
S01ED01
ATC
timolol; ophthalmic
6.1
25.0
70
123
H18.6
ICD-10 Finland
Keratoconus
257.5
24.8
25
*
CD2S4
NOMESCO Finland
Photography of eye
50.0
24.4
29
6
S01ED51
ATC
timolol, combinations; ophthalmic
4.2
24.4
99
262
H17
ICD-10 Finland
Corneal scars and opacities
+∞
24.1
23
*
3604
FHL
Penetration of the cornea
+∞
24.1
23
*
H10.3
ICD-10 Finland
Acute conjunctivitis, unspecified
5.5
24.1
73
142
H52.2
ICD-10 Finland
Astigmatism
14.4
23.8
40
29
S01BA01
ATC
dexamethasone; ophthalmic (corticosteroids, plain)
7.0
23.7
60
92
S01BC03
ATC
diclofenac; ophthalmic
8.1
22.1
50
65
S01BA07
ATC
fluorometholone; ophthalmic (corticosteroids, plain)
10.7
21.8
42
41
CGE10
NOMESCO Finland
Keratectomy
225.7
21.7
22
*
H16.4
ICD-10 Finland
Corneal neovascularization
+∞
20.9
20
*
H19.2*B02.3
ICD-10 Finland
Keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis (interstitial) in zoster
+∞
20.9
20
*
TCG30
NOMESCO Finland
Imaging of anterior and posterior part of cornea
+∞
20.9
20
*
H18.1
ICD-10 Finland
Bullous keratopathy
+∞
20.9
20
*
S01BA04
ATC
prednisolone; ophthalmic (corticosteroids, plain)
10.4
20.0
39
39
CG2Z4
NOMESCO Finland
Specialised imaging of cornea
+∞
19.9
19
*
ZZL00
NOMESCO Finland
Free graft of amniotic membrane
+∞
19.9
19
*
CGG99
NOMESCO Finland
Other reconstructive operations on cornea and sclera
+∞
19.9
19
*
WX002
NOMESCO Finland
Sedation and analgesia
2.4
19.7
203
1001
CK2S4
NOMESCO Finland
Plain photography of ocular fundus
4.0
19.5
81
218
H16.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other keratitis
+∞
18.8
18
*
H16.1
ICD-10 Finland
Other superficial keratitis without conjunctivitis
+∞
18.8
18
*
H26.2
ICD-10 Finland
Complicated cataract
14.6
18.7
31
22
Z3231
NOMESCO Finland
Registered nurse
2.1
18.2
256
1447
CJB10
NOMESCO Finland
Laser discission of secondary cataract
3.2
17.9
100
341
S01EC01
ATC
acetazolamide; systemic
7.9
17.6
40
53
XCK00
NOMESCO Finland
Perimetry
3.7
17.1
78
228
H33.0
ICD-10 Finland
Retinal detachment with retinal break
6.7
16.9
43
67
ZXA00
NOMESCO Finland
Right side
2.0
16.8
261
1527
H16.3
ICD-10 Finland
Interstitial and deep keratitis
+∞
16.7
16
*
S01EA05
ATC
brimonidine; ophthalmic (sympathomimetics in glaucoma therapy)
6.5
16.6
43
69
TCF00
NOMESCO Finland
Subconjunctival therapeutic injection
61.2
15.8
18
*
3718X
ICD-9 Finland
Corneal opacity and other disorders of cornea, Other corneal disorders
+∞
15.7
15
*
H11.0
ICD-10 Finland
Pterygium
13.4
15.3
26
20
S01XA18
ATC
ciclosporin; ophthalmic
45.9
15.1
18
*
CBH30
NOMESCO Finland
Tarsorraphy
+∞
14.6
14
*
J05AB01
ATC
aciclovir; systemic
2.1
14.4
185
994
T15.0
ICD-10 Finland
Foreign body in cornea
4.9
14.1
46
98
CGF35
NOMESCO Finland
Repair of cornea using graft
+∞
13.6
13
*
S01EE01
ATC
latanoprost; ophthalmic
3.3
13.6
71
232
H26.4
ICD-10 Finland
After-cataract
2.7
13.6
100
406
ZXA05
NOMESCO Finland
Left side
1.9
13.2
231
1395
ZXE00
NOMESCO Finland
One hour or less
1.8
13.1
336
2305
CGF10
NOMESCO Finland
Suture of laceration of cornea
50.8
12.9
15
*
B00.5
ICD-10 Finland
Herpesviral ocular disease
50.8
12.9
15
*
114
Kela drug reimbursment
Glaucoma
2.7
12.8
90
356
S01GX01
ATC
cromoglicic acid; ophthalmic
2.1
12.7
164
879
S01FA04
ATC
cyclopentolate; ophthalmic
15.7
12.7
20
13
S05.6
ICD-10 Finland
Penetrating wound of eyeball without foreign body
131.9
12.5
13
*
ZXD20
NOMESCO Finland
Day surgery
2.3
12.2
126
611
S01AA01
ATC
chloramphenicol; ophthalmic (antibiotics)
3.3
12.1
60
189
H02.2
ICD-10 Finland
Lagophthalmos
21.7
12.0
17
8
ZXD10
NOMESCO Finland
Scheduled procedure
1.7
11.8
330
2307
H10.9
ICD-10 Finland
Conjunctivitis, unspecified
3.2
11.6
60
195
H57.1
ICD-10 Finland
Ocular pain
5.0
11.5
36
74
H18.2
ICD-10 Finland
Other corneal oedema
+∞
11.5
11
*
37100
ICD-8 Finland
Corneal opacity, Cicatrix (nubecula, macula, leucoma) cornea
+∞
11.5
11
*
CBH25
NOMESCO Finland
Tarsorrhaphy
121.6
11.5
12
*
J05AB11
ATC
valaciclovir; oral
2.3
11.4
114
546
XCH00
NOMESCO Finland
Eye pressure measurement
3.9
11.3
46
123
3626
FHL
Extracapsular cataract surgery and implantation of an artificial lens
7.5
11.0
25
34
H15.1
ICD-10 Finland
Episcleritis
43.9
10.9
13
*
S01AX11
ATC
[U] ofloxacin; ophthalmic
3.7
10.8
46
129
S01BC05
ATC
ketorolac; ophthalmic
3.6
10.3
46
134
H02.0
ICD-10 Finland
Entropion and trichiasis of eyelid
4.8
10.2
33
71
H01.0
ICD-10 Finland
Blepharitis
3.1
10.2
55
185
WX408
NOMESCO Finland
General anesthesy, balanced
1.8
10.2
222
1425
CKD60
NOMESCO Finland
Anterior vitrectomy
8.6
10.1
21
25
H52.3
ICD-10 Finland
Anisometropia and aniseikonia
11.5
10.1
18
16
W44
ICD-10 Finland
Foreign body entering into or through eye or natural orifice
5.8
9.9
27
48
S01CA02
ATC
prednisolone and antiinfectives; ophthalmic (ophth., corticosteroids and antiinfectives in comb.)
8.9
9.8
20
23
CBG00
NOMESCO Finland
Epilation of cilia by electrolysis
55.6
9.7
11
*
S05.0
ICD-10 Finland
Injury of conjunctiva and corneal abrasion without mention of foreign body
5.5
9.6
27
50
Z2221
NOMESCO Finland
Medical doctor
1.7
9.6
224
1467
CHF05
NOMESCO Finland
Transscleral laser coagulation of ciliary body
30.4
9.4
12
*
37404
ICD-8 Finland
Cataract, Secundaria
+∞
9.4
9
*
H18.7
ICD-10 Finland
Other corneal deformities
+∞
9.4
9
*
S05.3
ICD-10 Finland
Ocular laceration without prolapse or loss of intraocular tissue
+∞
9.4
9
*
H18.9
ICD-10 Finland
Disorder of cornea, unspecified
+∞
9.4
9
*
R5110
NOMESCO Finland
Evaluation of the need for aids, the testing, fitting and choice of the aid, instruction in use and delivery of it
2.1
9.0
109
566
S01EA03
ATC
apraclonidine; ophthalmic
8.1
8.9
19
24
H10.4
ICD-10 Finland
Chronic conjunctivitis
10.8
8.8
16
15
L04AA01
ATC
[U] ciclosporin; systemic
5.7
8.8
24
43
H52.1
ICD-10 Finland
Myopia
3.9
8.7
34
89
J01DB01
ATC
cefalexin; oral
1.6
8.6
638
5560
S01FA02
ATC
scopolamine; ophthalmic
11.7
8.6
15
13
XCD10
NOMESCO Finland
Electrophysiological examination of eye
4.3
8.6
30
71
H02.4
ICD-10 Finland
Ptosis of eyelid
4.3
8.6
30
71
WX142
NOMESCO Finland
Sub-tenon anesthesy
16.5
8.6
13
8
H10.0
ICD-10 Finland
Mucopurulent conjunctivitis
2.9
8.5
51
185
CKD93
NOMESCO Finland
Extended combined procedure on vitreous body and retina
27.8
8.5
11
*
H20.9
ICD-10 Finland
Iridocyclitis, unspecified
27.8
8.5
11
*
H26.1
ICD-10 Finland
Traumatic cataract
20.3
8.5
12
6
H43.1
ICD-10 Finland
Vitreous haemorrhage
4.8
8.5
27
58
H20.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other iridocyclitis
90.9
8.4
9
*
CGG31
NOMESCO Finland
Posterior corneal lamellar transplantation
90.9
8.4
9
*
T86.8
ICD-10 Finland
Failure and rejection of other transplanted organs and tissues
+∞
8.3
8
*
CBG99
NOMESCO Finland
Other operation for trichiasis
+∞
8.3
8
*
3619
FHL
Other operations in this group, such as corneal refractive surgery
+∞
8.3
8
*
CGE16
NOMESCO Finland
Destruction of lesion of cornea
+∞
8.3
8
*
CGW99
NOMESCO Finland
Other operation on cornea or sclera
+∞
8.3
8
*
H19.2
ICD-10 Finland
Keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis in other infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere
+∞
8.3
8
*
37872
ICD-8 Finland
Other diseases of eye, Aphakia artefacta, acquisita
+∞
8.3
8
*
3700A
ICD-9 Finland
Keratitis, Corneal ulcer
+∞
8.3
8
*
H40.0
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma suspect
2.4
8.2
66
284
E10.7
ICD-10 Finland
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, With multiple complications
4.8
8.2
26
56
H54.4
ICD-10 Finland
Blindness, monocular
33.7
8.1
10
*
CHB10
NOMESCO Finland
Puncture of anterior chamber of eye with irrigation
17.4
8.1
12
7
ZXE10
NOMESCO Finland
More than one and less than three hours
1.6
8.1
292
2132
CGC10
NOMESCO Finland
Removal of foreign body from cornea
10.2
8.0
15
15
CKD20
NOMESCO Finland
Removal of vitreous body substitute
22.3
8.0
11
5
F29
ICPC
Eye symptom/complaint other
2.4
8.0
67
293
S01FA01
ATC
atropine; ophthalmic
13.2
7.9
13
10
S05.2
ICD-10 Finland
Ocular laceration and rupture with prolapse or loss of intraocular tissue
45.4
7.7
9
*
CJF10
NOMESCO Finland
Secondary implantation of artificial lens in posterior chamber
45.4
7.7
9
*
WX110
NOMESCO Finland
Local anesthesy
1.5
7.7
520
4359
C01BD01
ATC
amiodarone; systemic
3.7
7.6
32
90
H54.2
ICD-10 Finland
Moderate visual impairment, binocular
6.8
7.6
18
27
3661A
ICD-9 Finland
Cataract, Senile cataract
6.5
7.4
18
28
H02.1
ICD-10 Finland
Ectropion of eyelid
6.5
7.4
18
28
H40.4
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma secondary to eye inflammation
80.8
7.4
8
*
R3120
NOMESCO Finland
Training in mobility skills
80.8
7.4
8
*
Z50.8
ICD-10 Finland
Care involving use of other rehabilitation procedures
2.3
7.4
68
311
H02AB06
ATC
prednisolone; systemic
1.5
7.4
355
2752
GD1AA
NOMESCO Finland
Thorax X-ray examination
1.5
7.3
340
2610
H21.0
ICD-10 Finland
Hyphaema
+∞
7.3
7
*
36399
ICD-8 Finland
Keratitis, Without mention of ulcer
+∞
7.3
7
*
37403
ICD-8 Finland
Cataract, Complicata
+∞
7.3
7
*
H22.0*B00.5
ICD-10 Finland
Herpesviral iridocyclitis
+∞
7.3
7
*
CGD99
NOMESCO Finland
Other operation for error of refraction
+∞
7.3
7
*
S01EX03
ATC
NA
4.3
7.3
25
59
H25.0
ICD-10 Finland
Senile incipient cataract
2.4
7.2
59
255
H25.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other senile cataract
2.0
7.2
91
481
CKD65
NOMESCO Finland
Pars plana or pars plicata vitrectomy
4.3
7.1
25
60
S01EC03
ATC
dorzolamide; ophthalmic
6.1
7.1
18
30
Z2445
NOMESCO Finland
Psychologist
3.4
7.1
32
96
CS424
NOMESCO Finland
Visual field testing with Goldmann perimetry
8.9
7.1
14
16
H57.9
ICD-10 Finland
Disorder of eye and adnexa, unspecified
7.1
7.0
16
23
WX404
NOMESCO Finland
Intravenous generell anesthesy
1.7
7.0
157
1006
H43.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other disorders of vitreous body
2.2
6.8
68
326
CKC10
NOMESCO Finland
Local photocoagulation of retina
5.0
6.7
20
41
N02AX02
ATC
tramadol; systemic, rectal
1.5
6.7
322
2483
L01BA01
ATC
methotrexate; systemic (folic acid analog.)
3.0
6.7
36
124
S01EC54
ATC
brinzolamide, combinations; ophthalmic
6.9
6.5
15
22
H54.0
ICD-10 Finland
Blindness, binocular
70.4
6.4
7
*
3793A
ICD-9 Finland
Other disorders of eye, Aphakia and other disorders of lens[APHAKIA]
70.4
6.4
7
*
L28
ICPC
Limited function/disability (L)
1.7
6.4
122
746
E10.3
ICD-10 Finland
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, With ophthalmic complications
3.5
6.3
27
78
A10AB01
ATC
insulin (human); parenteral (insulins and analog. for injection, fast-acting)
3.0
6.3
33
112
CF2S4
NOMESCO Finland
Photography of conjunctiva
18.2
6.3
9
5
37520
ICD-8 Finland
Glaucoma, Secondary
+∞
6.3
6
*
H15.0
ICD-10 Finland
Scleritis
+∞
6.3
6
*
3651
FHL
Penetrating corneal transplantation and cataract surgery
+∞
6.3
6
*
05405
ICD-8 Finland
Herpes simplex, Kerato-conjunctivitis herpetica
+∞
6.3
6
*
3716A
ICD-9 Finland
Corneal opacity and other disorders of cornea, Keratoconus
+∞
6.3
6
*
CHB15
NOMESCO Finland
Puncture of anterior chamber of eye with replacement of aqueous
+∞
6.3
6
*
S05.1
ICD-10 Finland
Contusion of eyeball and orbital tissues
4.8
6.3
19
40
CKD92
NOMESCO Finland
Combined vitrectomy and retinal procedure
6.3
6.2
15
24
TCW99
NOMESCO Finland
Other minor procedure in eye surgery
4.7
6.1
19
41
S01AA12
ATC
tobramycin; ophthalmic
10.1
6.0
11
11
127
Kela drug reimbursment
Transplant complication
4.2
6.0
21
51
AA1DG
NOMESCO Finland
Very extensive MRI examination of brain with high intensity magnet
3.3
6.0
28
87
25000
ICD-8 Finland
Diabetes mellitus, Sine complicatione
3.7
6.0
24
66
A02BC02
ATC
pantoprazole; systemic
1.4
6.0
492
4181

Mortality – FinRegistry

↥

Association

Association between endpoint H7_CORNEALSCAR and mortality.

Females

Parameter HR [95% CI] p-value
H7_CORNEALSCAR 1.124 [0.99, 1.28] 0.082
Birth year 0.992 [0.98, 1.0] 0.07

During the follow-up period (1.1.1998 — 31.12.2019), 740 out of 2917 females with H7_CORNEALSCAR died.

Males

Parameter HR [95% CI] p-value
H7_CORNEALSCAR 1.186 [1.02, 1.38] 0.028
Birth year 0.987 [0.98, 1.0] 0.008

During the follow-up period (1.1.1998 — 31.12.2019), 559 out of 2918 males with H7_CORNEALSCAR died.

Mortality risk

Mortality risk for people of age

years, who have H7_CORNEALSCAR.

N-year risk Females Males
1 0.082% 0.264%
5 0.564% 1.544%
10 1.441% 3.449%
15 2.847% 6.67%
20 5.252% 10.94%

Relationships between endpoints

↥

Index endpoint: H7_CORNEALSCAR – Corneal scars and opacities

GWS hits: -

Endpoint
Case Overlap
Survival Analysis
Genetic Correlations
Genetic Signals
N (Jaccard index)
HR [CI]
Extremity
rg [CI]
Extremity
Hits
Coloc Hits
FinRegistry
FinnGen
FinRegistry
FinnGen
FinnGen
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